What Types of Installment Agreements Are Available?
The IRS offers several options: Guaranteed agreements for balances under $10,000 (automatically approved). Streamlined agreements for balances under $50,000 (no financial disclosure required). Non-streamlined agreements for larger balances requiring detailed financial documentation. Partial payment agreements for taxpayers who cannot fully pay even over the maximum term.
How Do You Apply for an Installment Agreement?
For balances under $50,000, apply online at IRS.gov using the Online Payment Agreement tool — it is the fastest method. For larger amounts, file Form 9465 (Installment Agreement Request) and Form 433-F (Collection Information Statement). There is a setup fee ($31-$225 depending on method), which is reduced for low-income taxpayers.
What Happens During an Installment Agreement?
Interest and the failure-to-pay penalty continue accruing on the unpaid balance, though the penalty rate is reduced by half while an agreement is active. The IRS will not pursue levies or seize assets as long as you make timely payments and file all required future returns. Defaulting on the agreement restores full collection authority.
Frequently asked questions
Does an installment agreement affect your credit?
The IRS may file a federal tax lien for balances over $25,000 (or $10,000 in some cases), which appears on credit reports. For balances under $25,000 paid via direct debit, the IRS generally will not file a lien. The installment agreement itself is not reported to credit bureaus.
Can you negotiate a lower amount with the IRS?
An installment agreement pays the full amount owed over time. If you truly cannot pay the full liability, an Offer in Compromise (OIC) may allow settlement for less. OICs have strict qualification criteria and require detailed financial disclosure to prove inability to pay.
How long can an IRS installment agreement last?
The maximum term is generally 72 months (6 years), and the agreement must fully pay the balance within the 10-year collection statute of limitations. Monthly payments are calculated by dividing the balance (plus projected interest) by the number of remaining months.