What Is a Routing Number?
In plain English
A routing number, also called an ABA routing transit number, is a nine-digit code assigned to every U.S. bank and credit union. It identifies the specific financial institution in electronic transactions such as direct deposits, ACH transfers, wire transfers, and automatic bill payments. Each bank may have multiple routing numbers based on region or transaction type.
Where Can You Find Your Routing Number?
Your routing number appears at the bottom left of your personal checks — it is the first set of nine digits. You can also find it through your bank's online or mobile banking portal, on your bank statements, or by calling your bank directly. Be aware that some banks use different routing numbers for paper checks, ACH transfers, and wire transfers.
What Is the Difference Between a Routing Number and an Account Number?
A routing number identifies the bank, while an account number identifies your specific account at that bank. Both are needed to receive electronic payments. Think of the routing number as the bank's address and the account number as your personal mailbox within that bank. It's important to avoid sharing your account number publicly.
Why Do Some Banks Have Multiple Routing Numbers?
Large banks that have acquired other banks or operate across many states may have different routing numbers for different regions. Some banks also assign separate routing numbers for different transaction types — one for ACH transfers, another for wire transfers, and another for paper check processing. It's generally wise to confirm the correct one for your transaction type.
Frequently asked questions
Is it safe to share my routing number?
Routing numbers are semi-public information — they identify the bank, not your personal account. However, combined with your account number, someone could initiate unauthorized transactions. Share both numbers only with trusted parties for legitimate transactions.
Do routing numbers ever change?
Routing numbers can change when banks merge or are acquired. Your bank will notify you in advance if your routing number is changing so you can update direct deposits and automatic payments.
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Related terms
ACH Transfer
An ACH transfer is an electronic bank-to-bank payment processed through the Automated Clearing House network, used for direct deposits, bill payments, and money transfers.
Direct Deposit
Direct deposit is an electronic payment method that transfers funds — like your paycheck — directly into your bank account on payday.
Wire Transfer
A wire transfer is an electronic funds transfer between banks that moves money quickly, often same-day, and is commonly used for large or time-sensitive payments.
Checking Account
A checking account is a bank account designed for everyday transactions like paying bills, making purchases, and withdrawing cash.