What Does a Real Estate Agent Do?
In plain English
A real estate agent is a licensed professional who facilitates buying and selling of property. Buyer's agents help clients find homes, evaluate value, make offers, and navigate inspections and closing. Listing agents help sellers price, market, and negotiate the sale of their home. Agents earn a commission paid at closing, typically 2% to 3% of the sale price each side.
What Is the Difference Between a Real Estate Agent and a Realtor?
All Realtors are licensed real estate agents, but not all agents are Realtors. A Realtor is a member of the National Association of Realtors (NAR) and is bound by its Code of Ethics. The distinction carries more ethical obligations but doesn't guarantee better service. What matters most is experience, local market knowledge, and client reviews — not the Realtor designation alone.
Do You Need a Buyer's Agent When Purchasing a Home?
You're not legally required to use a buyer's agent, but most buyers do. A buyer's agent provides market expertise, handles negotiations, coordinates inspections, and ensures paperwork is correct. Traditionally, the seller paid both agents' commissions, but post-2024 NAR settlement changes mean buyers may now negotiate agent compensation directly with their agent before touring homes.
How Do You Choose the Right Real Estate Agent?
Interview at least three agents. Ask about their recent transaction volume in your target neighborhood, average sale price versus list price for sellers, and days-on-market metrics. Check online reviews and ask for references from recent clients. Local knowledge and communication style matter as much as credentials. Avoid agents who specialize in a different market than where you're buying or selling.
Frequently asked questions
Can a single agent represent both buyer and seller?
This is called dual agency and is legal in some states. However, it creates a conflict of interest since the agent can't fully advocate for both parties simultaneously. Many experts recommend avoiding dual agency arrangements to ensure your interests are fully represented.
What is the difference between a real estate agent and a broker?
A broker has completed additional education and licensing beyond an agent and can operate independently or own a brokerage. Most agents work under a broker's supervision. Experience as an agent, not broker status, usually predicts performance better.
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Related terms
Real Estate Commission
A real estate commission is the fee paid to agents for facilitating a property transaction, traditionally calculated as a percentage of the sale price. Recent regulatory changes have shifted how these fees are structured and disclosed.
Closing Costs
Closing costs are the fees and expenses paid at the end of a real estate transaction, on top of the down payment. They typically range from 2% to 5% of the loan amount.
Comparative Market Analysis (CMA)
A comparative market analysis is an estimate of a home's market value based on recent sales of similar nearby properties. Real estate agents use CMAs to help sellers set list prices and buyers make competitive offers.
Home Inspection
A home inspection is a professional evaluation of a property's physical condition before purchase. It identifies defects and potential issues that can inform negotiations or help buyers avoid costly surprises.
Mortgage
A mortgage is a loan used to purchase real estate, where the property itself serves as collateral. It's typically repaid over 15 or 30 years through monthly payments of principal and interest.